Cardiac procedures appear throughout med-surg nursing. These CMSRN questions cover care around catheterization, pacemakers, and related interventions — before, during, and after — each with a full rationale.
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Three CMSRN practice questions on cardiac procedures — tap an answer for instant feedback. The app has 5,200+, timed and scored.
Question 1
Which instruction is most important for a patient being discharged on warfarin?
Patients on warfarin should maintain consistent (not eliminate) vitamin K intake to keep INR stable. Regular INR monitoring is essential. Complete avoidance of greens is unnecessary and unhealthy. Never double dose. Food timing doesn't significantly affect warfarin.
Question 2
Which ECG finding is most characteristic of acute pericarditis?
Acute pericarditis typically shows diffuse ST elevation (not isolated to one vascular territory) with PR segment depression. This is different from MI which shows ST elevation in specific leads corresponding to the affected coronary artery territory. Q waves indicate old infarction, not pericarditis.
Question 3
Which medication should be held prior to cardiac catheterization in a patient with renal insufficiency?
Metformin should be held before and 48 hours after cardiac catheterization due to risk of lactic acidosis when combined with contrast dye, especially in patients with renal insufficiency. The contrast can worsen renal function, and metformin accumulation can cause fatal lactic acidosis.
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Question 1
Which ECG finding is most characteristic of acute pericarditis?
Acute pericarditis typically shows diffuse ST elevation (not isolated to one vascular territory) with PR segment depression. This is different from MI which shows ST elevation in specific leads corresponding to the affected coronary artery territory. Q waves indicate old infarction, not pericarditis.
Question 2
Which medication should be held prior to cardiac catheterization in a patient with renal insufficiency?
Metformin should be held before and 48 hours after cardiac catheterization due to risk of lactic acidosis when combined with contrast dye, especially in patients with renal insufficiency. The contrast can worsen renal function, and metformin accumulation can cause fatal lactic acidosis.
Question 3
What is the target INR range for a patient with a mechanical heart valve?
Patients with mechanical heart valves require higher anticoagulation to prevent valve thrombosis. Target INR is 2.5-3.5, higher than the 2.0-3.0 target for AFib or DVT. Too low increases thrombosis risk; too high increases bleeding risk.
Question 4
A patient post-CABG develops jugular venous distension, muffled heart sounds, and hypotension. What complication is suspected?
Beck's triad (JVD, muffled heart sounds, hypotension) indicates cardiac tamponade, a surgical emergency post-CABG. Blood accumulates in the pericardial sac, compressing the heart and preventing filling. Requires immediate pericardiocentesis or return to surgery.
Question 5
A patient post-PCI develops severe back pain, hypotension, and a large groin hematoma. What complication occurred?
Retroperitoneal bleeding is a serious complication post-cardiac catheterization via femoral access. Signs include back/flank pain, hypotension, decreased hemoglobin, and large groin hematoma. Requires immediate intervention to stop bleeding.
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Which ECG finding is most characteristic of acute pericarditis?…
